Czech is the offical
language of the Czech Republic, spoken by virtually the entire
population of 10 million people. It is closely related to Slovak,
spoken in Slovakia, the two languages in fact being mutually
intelligible.
Czech is a Slavic
language written in the Roman script. The foundations of the
alphabet were laid by the great religious reformer Jan Hus, in
the early 15th century. The letters q, w, and x are missing,
while c is pronounced ts (e.g., cena—price), ch as in German
(kachna—duck), and j as y (jazyk—language). Acute accents
lengthen the vowels (kámen—stone), while a circle over the u
produces a long oo sound (dum—house). The chevron over c, s,
and z produces ch, sh, and zh respectively (cislo—number,
kos—basket, zivot—life). But n is pro-nounced ny as in
"canyon" (dan—tax), e is pronounced ye
(mesto—city), and r is pronounced rzh, as in the name Dvorak.
The letter r serves as a vowel, producing such strange-looking
words as krk (neck), smrt (death), and (ivri (quarter). The
stress is always on the first syllable.
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